ডিজাইন কোড ও কভারিং আমাদের আজকের আলোচনার বিষয়। এই পাঠটি “সিভিল ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিং ড্রয়িং – ১ [ Civil Engineerng Drawing – 1 ]” এর “দালান [ ব্যবহারিক ]” অধ্যায় এর পাঠের অন্তর্ভুক্ত।
ডিজাইন কোড ও কভারিং
২.১ ডিজাইন কোড (Design code):
উপাদানের গুণাগুণ, কাঠামো বিশ্লেষণ ইত্যাদি বিষয় বিবৃত থাকে তাকে ডিজাইন -কোড বলে। উদ্দেশ্যঃ জন সাধারণকে বিপদ থেকে রক্ষা করা এবং কাঠামোর নিরাপত্তা জনিত ভুল-ভ্রান্তি দুর করার জন্য এতে সর্বনিম্ন প্রয়োজনীয়তা বিনির্দেশত থাকে। ডিজাইন কোডগুলো প্রকৌশলীদের গাইড হিসাবে কাজ করে। নিম্নে কতকগুলো পেশাজীবী গ্রুপ, ইনস্টিটিউট এবং প্রতিষ্ঠানের অনুমোদিত কোড দেওয়া হলো :
ACI American Concrete Institute, USA.
The American Concrete Institute (ACI, formerly National Association of Cement Users or NACU) is a non-profit technical society and standards developing organization. ACI was founded in January 1905 during a convention in Indianapolis. The Institute’s headquarters are currently located in Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA. ACI’s mission is “ACI develops and disseminates consensus-based knowledge on concrete and its uses.
ASTM = American Society for Testing Materials, USA
ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services. Some 12,575 ASTM voluntary consensus standards operate globally. The organization’s headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about 5 mi (8.0 km) northwest of Philadelphia.
AASHO = American Association of State Highway Officials, USA.
The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) is a standards setting body which publishes specifications, test protocols, and guidelines that are used in highway design and construction throughout the United States. Despite its name, the association represents not only highways but air, rail, water, and public transportation as well.
AREA = American Railway Engineering Association, USA.
The American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association (AREMA) is a North American railway industry group. It publishes recommended practices for the design, construction and maintenance of railway infrastructure, which are used in the United States and Canada.
ANSI American National Standards Institute, USA.
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI /ˈænsi/ AN-see) is a private nonprofit organization that oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States. The organization also coordinates U.S. standards with international standards so that American products can be used worldwide.
AISE = Association of Iron and Steel Engineers, USA.
ASME = American Society of Mechanical Engineers, USA.
BSI British Standards Institute, UK.
ISO = International Organization for Standardization, Switzerland.
BSTI= Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institute, Bangladesh.
PWD = Public Works Department, Bangladesh.
AISE = American Institute of Steel Construction, USA.
AITC = American Institute of Timber Construction, USA.
ASA = American Standards Association, USA. SAE Society for Automotive Engineers, USA.
NMA = National Microfilm Association, USA.
AWS = American Welding Society, USA.
২.২ কভারিং (Covering) :
নিম্নে বিভিন্ন আরসিসি (RCC) কাঠামোতে প্রদেয় কভারিং দেখানো হলো :
আরও পড়ুন: